International Sustainability Reporting Standards & Analytics Hub

Financial materiality focuses on how sustainability factors affect a company's financial performance and value, while impact materiality considers the company's effects on the environment and society, regardless of immediate financial implications.

The Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD) framework guides organizations in assessing, managing, and disclosing nature-related risks and opportunities across various industries.

Sustainable finance seeks to reshape the economy by directing investments toward projects that restore climate and social resources. The EU's Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (SFDR) mandates transparency in reporting adverse impact indicators to promote accountability and encourage responsible business practices.

This case study examines Canada's federal greenhouse gas emissions in the context of climate change, providing data-derived insights and potential solutions to address this pressing environmental challenge at the national level.

ESG reporting is an iterative process requiring continuous assessment and improvement across all stages, from goal-setting to post-publication review. Organizations must tailor their approach to their unique circumstances while adhering to chosen frameworks, ensuring stakeholder engagement, and maintaining transparency throughout the reporting cycle.

CDP runs the world's largest environmental disclosure system for companies, cities, and regions, with over 23,000 organizations reporting in 2023. CDP scores (D- to A) assess environmental performance, becoming crucial for investors managing over $130 trillion in assets.

The ISSB's global standards IFRS S1 and S2, effective January 1, 2024, create a comprehensive baseline for sustainability and climate-related financial disclosures, providing investors with comparable information on risks, opportunities, and performance across key sustainability topics.

The GHG Protocol, used by 92% of Fortune 500 companies responding to CDP, provides global standards for measuring greenhouse gas emissions across Scopes 1, 2, and 3, enabling organizations to track progress toward climate goals. As GHG reporting becomes increasingly mandatory, proactive adoption of these standards can benefit organizations.

The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) provides widely adopted sustainability reporting standards, used by over 14,000 organizations globally, to disclose economic, environmental, and social impacts through Universal, Sector, and Topic Standards . Organizations can report "in accordance" with or "with reference" to GRI Standards, following a structured process to determine material topics.

The European Commission adopted the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) on July 31, 2023, expanding sustainability reporting requirements to 50,000 companies and covering comprehensive ESG topics . Implementation is phased between 2024-2028, with efforts to ensure interoperability with global standards.

The SASB Standards provide industry-specific, investor-focused sustainability reporting guidelines across 77 industries, emphasizing financial materiality. Adopted globally and now integrated into IFRS Sustainability Disclosure Standards, they offer a framework for identifying material sustainability topics and metrics.